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When negotiating an international sales contract, both parties need to pay as much attention to the terms of sale as to the sales price. To make it as clear as possible, an international set of trade terms (INCOTERMS) has been adopted by most countries that defines exactly the responsibilities and risks of both the buyer and seller including while the merchandise is in transit. The following chart summarizes the responsibilities of both the buyer and seller for each of the current 13 INCOTERMS. In addition, a definition for each term is included at the bottom of the page.

EXW FCA FAS FOB CFR CIF CPT CIP DAF DES DEQ DDU DDP
SERVICES Ex Works Free Carrier Free Alongside Ship Free Onboard Vessel Cost & Freight Cost Insurance & Freight Carriage Paid To Carriage Insurance Paid To Delivered At Frontier Delivered Ex Ship Delivered Ex Quay Duty Unpaid Delivered Duty Unpaid Delivered Duty Paid
Warehouse Storage Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Warehouse
Labor
Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Export
Packing
Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Loading
Charges
Buyer Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Inland Freight Buyer Buyer/ Seller* Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Terminal
Charges
Buyer Buyer Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Forwarder’s
Fees
Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Loading On
Vessel
Buyer Buyer Buyer Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Ocean/Air
Freight
Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller Seller
Charges On Arrival At Destination Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Seller Seller Buyer Buyer Seller Seller Seller
Duty, Taxes & Customs Clearance Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Seller
Delivery To Destination Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Buyer Seller Seller

There are actually two FCA terms: FCA Seller’s Premises where the seller is responsible only for loading the goods and not responsible for inland freight; and FCA Named Place (International Carrier) where the seller is responsible for inland freight.

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